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Facts

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20
ESM shareholders
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€295 bn
total amount of loans disbursed by ESM/EFSF
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€25—30 bn
amount of bonds currently issued annually
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€422 bn
ESM's remaining lending capacity (Forward Commitment Capacity)
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82%
Percentage of ESM’s €500 bn lending capacity still available
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5
countries have successfully completed EFSF/ESM programmes: Ireland, Spain, Portugal, Cyprus, Greece
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€18.2 bn
Accumulated savings for the 5 programme countries in 2019 as a result of EFSF/ESM financing
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42.5 years
Maximum weighted average maturity of EFSF loans to Greece

Interviews

Videos and photos

Articles and Op-eds

Press conferences

11
Oct
Rolf Strauch at TSI Congress 2024
11 Oct . 12:30 - 13:30
Berlin, Germany
18
Oct
Kalin Anev Janse at the 2024 Financial Street Forum
18 Oct . 07:00 - 07:30
Online
18
Oct
Pierre Gramegna at the 2024 Financial Street Forum
18 Oct . 11:30 - 16:00
Luxembourg, Luxembourg
03
Nov
Eurogroup
4 - 4 Nov (ALL DAY)
Brussels, Belgium
06
Nov
ESM conference “Artificial Intelligence: Impact on Economies, Capital Markets and Organisations”
7 - 7 Nov (ALL DAY)
ESM premises
08
Dec
Eurogroup
9 - 9 Dec (ALL DAY)
Brussels, Belgium
08
Oct
Kalin Anev Janse at The Economist Impact 4th Sustainability Week: Countdown to COP29
8 Oct . 15:00 - 15:30
Amsterdam, Netherlands
07
Oct
Eurogroup
7 Oct (ALL DAY)
Luxembourg, Luxembourg
03
Oct
ESM Youth Talk: Rolf Strauch and Marialena Athanasopoulou's lecture at the Barcelona School of Economics
3 Oct . 14:30 - 16:00
Barcelona, Spain
26
Sep
The Economics of Risk
26 - 27 Sep . 09:00 - 18:00
ESM premises
19
Sep
Kalin Anev Janse at OMFIF’s European sovereign, supranational and agency forum
19 Sep . 12:10 - 12:50
Luxembourg, Luxembourg
13
Sep
Informal meeting of economic and financial affairs ministers
14 - 14 Sep (ALL DAY)
Budapest, Hungary
12
Sep
Informal meeting of economic and financial affairs ministers
13 - 13 Sep (ALL DAY)
Budapest, Hungary
12
Sep
Pierre Gramegna at Eurofi Financial Forum
12 Sep . 17:45 - 20:00
Budapest, Hungary
11
Sep
Kalin Anev Janse at Eurofi Financial Forum
11 Sep . 19:30 - 20:15
Budapest, Hungary
11
Sep
Rolf Strauch at European Covered Bond Council 35th Plenary Meeting
11 Sep . 14:10 - 15:15
Porto, Portugal
29
Aug
Nicola Giammarioli at European Forum Alpbach
29 Aug . 14:00 - 15:30
Alpbach, Austria
27
Aug
Rolf Strauch at the 2024 Rotterdam European Economic Association - European Econometric Society meeting
27 Aug . 12:45 - 13:45
Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Blog

Geoeconomic fragmentation
Capital flows
External financing
Geoeconomic fragmentation looms over euro area financial stability_Blog Image_1540x1027
Economic and Market Analysis
Gergely Hudecz
Alexandre Lauwers
Yasin Mimir

Geoeconomic fragmentation looms over euro area financial stability

New

Competitiveness
Fiscal policy
R&D
The innovation channel of fiscal consolidation_Blog Image_1540x1027
Economic Risk Analysis
Silvia Calò
Robert Kraemer
Francesco Tomasone

The innovation channel of fiscal consolidation

Corporate governance
Financial stability
Firm profits
Valuation
Looking beyond profits to secure financial stability_Blog Image_1540x1027
Chief Risk Officer
Finance and Control
Fabrizio Leucari
Alexander den Ruijter

Looking beyond profits to secure financial stability

Investor relations

Cards
European Stability Mechanism & European Financial Stability Facility Non US Persons
Bitmap
ESM & EFSF
Loans within a macroeconomic adjustment programme
used
Ireland
Ireland
Portugal
Portugal
Greece
Greece
Cyprus
Cyprus
Objective
To assist ESM Members in significant need of financing, and which have lost access to the markets, either because they cannot find lenders or because the financing costs would adversely impact the sustainability of public finances.
Conditionality
ESM loans are conditional upon the implementation of macroeconomic reform programs prepared by the European Commission, in liaison with the European Central Bank and, where appropriate, the International Monetary Fund.
Monitoring
The same institutions are entrusted with monitoring compliance with the agreed program conditions for economic reform. The ESM Member is obliged to cooperate with this monitoring and enable the ESM to perform its financial due diligence. If the country deviates significantly from the program, disbursements may be withheld.
Primary market purchases
unused
unused
Objective
The ESM may engage in primary market purchases of bonds or other debt securities issued by ESM Members at market prices to allow them to maintain or restore their relationship with the investment community and therefore reduce the risk of a failed auction. This can complement the regular loan instrument or a precautionary programme. The purchase will be limited to 50% of the final issued amount.
conditionality
No additional conditionality beyond the underlying programme.
Secondary market purchases
unused
unused
objective
To support the sound functioning of the government debt markets when lacking market liquidity threatens financial stability in the context of a loan either with a macroeconomic adjustment programme or without if the Member's economic and financial situation is fundamentally sound.
conditionality
For ESM Members not under a programme, specific policy conditions will apply.
Precautionary credit line
unused
unused
objective
To support sound policies and prevent crisis situations from emerging. It aims to help ESM Members whose economic conditions are sound to maintain continuous access to market financing by strengthening the credibility of their macroeconomic performance.
two types of credit lines
Both can be drawn via a loan or a primary market purchase, have an initial availability period of one year and are renewable:
• Precautionary Conditioned Credit Line (PCCL): available to a Member State whose economic and financial situation is fundamentally sound, as determined by respecting six eligibility criteria such as public debt, external position or market access on reasonable terms.
• Enhanced conditions credit line (ECCL): access open to euro area Member States whose economic and financial situation remains sound but that do not comply with the eligibility criteria for PCCL. The ESM Member is obliged to adopt corrective measures addressing such weaknesses and avoiding future problems in respect of access to market financing. The ESM Member has the flexibility to request funds at any time during the availability period.
monitoring
When an ECCL is granted or a PCCL drawn, the ESM Member is subject to enhanced surveillance by the EC. Surveillance covers the country’s financial condition and its financial system.
Loans for indirect bank recapitalisation
used
Spain
Spain
objective
To preserve the financial stability of the euro area by addressing those cases where the financial sector is primarily at the root of a crisis, rather than fiscal or structural policies.
eligibility
The beneficiary Member State should demonstrate an inability to:
• Meet capital shortfalls via private sector solutions.
• Recapitalise the institutions without adverse effects for its own financial stability and fiscal sustainability. The institutions should be of systemic relevance or pose a serious threat to the financial stability of the euro area or its Member States. The ESM Member should demonstrate its ability to reimburse the loan.
conditionality
Will apply to financial supervision, corporate governance and domestic law relating to restructuring or resolution.
Direct recapitalisation of institutions
unused
unused
objective
To help remove a serious risk of contagion from the financial sector to the sovereign by allowing the direct recapitalisation of institutions. The total amount available for this instrument is limited to €60 billion. The instrument is relevant for banks (systemically important credit institutions), financial holding companies, and mixed financial holding companies as defined in relevant EU legislation.
eligibility
Eligible if the following situations apply:
• They are or are likely to be in breach of the relevant capital requirements and are unable to attract sufficient capital from private sector sources to resolve their capital problems.
• Burden-sharing arrangements, such as bail-in (fully applicable in 2016), in the Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive, are insufficient to fully address the capital shortfall.
• They have a systemic relevance or pose a serious threat to the financial stability of the euro area as a whole or the requesting ESM Member.
• The institution is supervised by the ECB.
• The beneficiary Member State should also demonstrate that it cannot provide financial assistance to the institutions without very adverse effects on its own fiscal sustainability, and that therefore the use of the indirect recapitalisation instrument is infeasible.
conditionality
Will apply, addressing the sources of difficulties in the financial sector and, where appropriate, the general economic situation of the ESM Member. Additional institution-specific conditions will also apply.
About

How ESM Loans Help Programme Countries

See more: 2022 ESM Annual Report

ESM and Global Financial Stability

Careers

ESM Explainer Video