Publications | European Stability Mechanism

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Government Expenditure Composition and Fiscal Policy Spillovers in a Small Open Economy Within a Monetary Union

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What Happened to Profitability? Shocks, Challenges and Perspectives for Euro Area Banks

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Balance Sheet Effects, Foreign Reserves and Public Policies

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Bank and Sovereign Risk Feedback Loops

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Can Consumer Confidence Provide Independent Information on Consumption Spending? Evidence from Euro Area Countries